UMKC: Skin Smart Campus Initiative

UMKC's Skin Smart Campus Initiative

shines a light on skin cancer prevention, fostering a safer, healthier campus environment for all.

The University of Missouri-Kansas City aims to earn recognition as a Skin Smart Campus by The National Council on Skin Cancer Prevention through our commitment to fostering a safe and healthy learning and living environment both on- and off-campus. As part of this initiative, we have taken a pledge to prohibit indoor tanning devices in all university-affiliated buildings, while actively promoting skin cancer prevention policies and educational efforts.

This endeavor aligns with the Indoor Tan-Free Skin Smart Campus Initiative, which is supported by the National Council on Skin Cancer Prevention in response to the 2014 U.S. Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer. The Surgeon General's report recognized the significant correlation between indoor tanning use and increased skin cancer risk, emphasizing the avoidable nature of UV radiation exposure from such practices. By implementing interventions aimed at reducing skin cancer and associated fatalities, we strive to address this pressing public health concern.

The current literature highlights the prevalence of various cutaneous malignancies in the United States, with melanoma emerging as one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers among young adults. According to findings from The International Agency for Research on Cancer Working Group, tanning beds emit 2-10x more UVA radiation than natural sunlight on average. Additionally, individuals who utilize indoor tanning facilities before the age of 35 years have a 75% increase in the risk of developing melanoma. These statistics emphasize the importance of our commitment to promoting skin cancer prevention measures and cultivating a culture of wellness within our community.

Skin cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in the United States

Basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), the most prevalent skin cancers, are generally curable.

BCCs and SCCs account for approximately 80% and 20% of diagnosed skin cancers, respectively.
Treatment for these cancers often involves surgical removal, cryotherapy, or radiation therapy, depending on the extent and location of the lesion.
Despite their high cure rates, advanced cases can result in invasive treatments and potential disfigurement, underscoring the importance of early detection and preventive measures.

Melanoma, the third most common skin cancer in the United States

Melanoma arises from the melanocytes, or pigment-producing cells, and has the potential to metastasize to other organs, making early detection and intervention crucial for prognosis.

Treatment for melanoma typically involves surgical excision, with additional therapies such as immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy considered for advanced cases.
The mortality rate for melanoma is significantly higher than other skin cancers due to its propensity for metastasis. Thus, routine skin screenings and daily sun protection practices are important.
When detected early, melanoma has a 5-year survival rate of 99%.

Skin cancer in skin of color patients

Skin cancer can affect individuals of all skin tones, including those with darker skin who rarely sunburn.
Melanoma in people of color tends to manifest in unique locations on the body, such as the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, under the nails, and in other nail areas.

• These atypical locations often delay detection and diagnosis, leading to more advanced disease stages upon presentation. This poses challenges for treatment and potentially decreases survival rates.
• Although skin of color patients have a lower incidence of melanoma compared to fair-skinned individuals, the overall survival rate is notably lower in this population.

• Among skin of color patients, black men have the lowest 5-year survival rate for melanoma.

• It is crucial for individuals with skin of color to be vigilant about any changes in their skin and to undergo regular skin examinations, as early detection is key for optimal outcomes.
• Dermatologists should be vigilant in conducting thorough skin examinations, considering these less typical sites for melanoma development in people of color.

UV radiation exposure poses risks to individuals of all skin tones, contributing to skin damage, premature aging, and hyperpigmentation. Therefore, protection against UV radiation is essential for maintaining skin health and reducing the risk of skin cancer, regardless of skin tone.
Educating communities about the importance of sun protection and skin cancer awareness can help mitigate disparities in skin cancer outcomes among people of color.

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation

UV radiation from sunlight is the primary environmental risk factor for skin cancer, contributing to DNA damage and cellular mutations.
Tanning devices, including tanning beds and sunlamps, emit artificial UV radiation that can accelerate skin aging and heighten the risk of skin cancer.
Practicing sun safety measures such as wearing protective clothing, applying broad-spectrum sunscreen, seeking shade during peak UV hours, and avoiding indoor tanning can mitigate UV-related skin damage and reduce the risk of skin cancer in the long-term.

General risk factors

Skin that is lightly complected, burns, freckles, or becomes red upon sun exposure easily is often associated with a higher risk of skin cancer.
Presence of many moles.
Personal or family history of skin cancer.
History of sun exposure and sunburns, particularly during early life.
Engagement in indoor tanning.

Sun Safety Practices

Seek Shade

When outdoors, seek shade under trees, umbrellas, or other structures to reduce direct exposure to sunlight.
Especially important during peak sun hours, typically between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.

Wear Sunscreen

Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher to all exposed skin areas, including face, neck, arms, and legs.
Reapply sunscreen every two hours, or more frequently if swimming or sweating.
Choose water-resistant sunscreen for prolonged outdoor activities.

Wear Protective Clothing

Cover up with lightweight, tightly woven clothing that protects the skin from UV rays.
Wear a wide-brimmed hat to shade the face, neck, and ears.
Wear sunglasses with UV protection to shield the eyes from harmful UV radiation.

Check the UV Index

Monitor the UV index regularly, especially before planning outdoor activities.
Limit outdoor exposure when the UV index is high (typically >3), as UV radiation levels are most intense during these times.
Adjust sun protection measures accordingly based on the UV index forecast for the day.

The UV Index predicts the ultraviolet radiation levels on a 1-11+ scale, helping people determine appropriate sun-protective behaviors. Find your area’s UV index rating through the National Weather Service to determine the necessary precautions.

UV Index	Exposure Category	Protection Recommendation	Safety Precautions
1-2	Low	No protection required	Minimal protection needed You can safely stay outside using minimal sun protection
3-5	Moderate	Protection recommended	Apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher → reapply every 2 hours Wear protective clothing: long-sleeved shirt + pants, wide-brimmed hat, and sunglasses
6-7	High	Protection required	Apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher → reapply every 2 hours Wear protective clothing Seek shade during midday hours when the sun is strongest (10AM – 4PM)
8-10	Very High	Extra protection required	Take extra precautions: apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher generously → reapply every 2 hours Wear protective clothing Avoid outdoor activities during midday hours (10AM – 4PM)
11+	Extreme	Extra protection required	Limit outdoor exposure: stay indoors or in the shade as much as possible Use sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher → reapply every 2 hours Wear protective clothing Avoid outdoor activities during midday hours (10AM – 4PM)

Melanoma: Early Detection

Melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, can be effectively treated if detected early. It is crucial to become familiar with your skin and conduct monthly self-skin examinations. Seeking assistance from a partner or friend to inspect hard-to-reach areas such as the back and scalp enhances the thoroughness of these examinations. Promptly notify your healthcare provider upon observing any potential warning signs to ensure prompt medical intervention.

View American Cancer Society’s guide or the American Academy of Dermatology Association’s guide to doing self-skin examinations.

ABCDE’s of Melanoma

A (Asymmetry): Irregularly shaped where one half does not match the other half
B (Border): Uneven or irregular borders (scalloped or notched borders)
C (Color): Variation in color within the mole (shades of brown, black, red, blue, or white may be present)
D (Diameter): Larger than 6 mm (the size of a pencil eraser)
E (Evolution): Changes in size, shape, color, and/or elevation over time. Development of symptoms like itching or bleeding